Shrimp & fish farming

White feces in whiteleg shrimp: the latest research points to EHP, Vibrio and water temperature

A review of 2021–2026 research: in Chinese outbreaks the white strings were mostly EHP spores; in Indonesia and China some Vibrio species surge in white-feces guts; water at 28–36 °C raises the risk. In the laboratory, shrimp needed both EHP and Vibrio to produce white feces.

Preventing white feces from the gut: two new trials feeding beneficial bacteria and metabolites taken from healthy shrimp

A Ningbo University (China) team looked for what healthy shrimp guts have and white-feces guts lack, then fed it back for 14 days before challenge. Four beneficial strains cut deaths from 30.4% to 5.2% (2024); pyruvic acid and glutamine cut them from 45.2% to 12.7% (2026). Results from 50-litre tanks with a Vibrio challenge; no pond trial yet.

The Vibrio toxins behind EMS and TPD: the bacteria kill shrimp only when they carry the PirAB or VHVP-2 toxin genes

A review of 2013–2026 research: EMS (AHPND) is caused by the PirA–PirB toxin pair, TPD by the VHVP-2 protein. The toxin genes sit on plasmids that move between Vibrio species, so a TCBS Vibrio count cannot tell you whether a toxic strain is present.

Binding and neutralising the Vibrio toxins behind EMS and TPD: clay, antibodies in feed and anti-virulence compounds — how strong is the evidence?

A review of 2019–2026 research: montmorillonite clay at 2.5–5 g/kg feed raised whiteleg shrimp survival to 83–94% versus 40% after an AHPND challenge; antibodies in feed protected shrimp in lab tanks; for TPD there are only small-flask anti-virulence trials. All were used before infection, and there is no pond dose yet.

£2.4 million project seeks solutions to antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam's pangasius farming

Three new studies: healthy seed from the hatchery, the right yeast, and preventing tilapia disease

A summary of three 2026 scientific reviews: shrimp larvae need stage-specific nutrition, yeast must be the right form at the right dose, and tilapia disease prevention starts with daily management.

Shrimp resistance & Vibrio load in the gut

Why “Vibrio present” does not always mean disease — and what a farm should do to keep shrimp healthy and finish the crop. An 18-page technical monograph.

Changes in gut microbiota due to global warming. Regulating host health and disease status in poikilothermic animals

Global warming alters the gut microbiota of Pacific whiteleg shrimp by restructuring enterotypes, increasing the risk of diseases such as White Feces Syndrome (WFS) and hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome. This study identifies temperature as the primary driver of microbial structure and proposes "enterotypes" as a key ecological indicator for predicting the health of poikilothermic animals in the context of climate change.

Minimizing Risks Lies in a Systems Management Approach

In modern shrimp farming, there's a rather "painful" reality that many farmers still haven't accepted: Risk mitigation doesn't lie in a single specific medicine bottle, but in the capacity for system management. When disease outbreaks occur, we often frantically search for a new chemical or antibiotic. But according to the philosophy "Good management is a priority", success doesn't come from troubleshooting incidents, but from establishing 5 robust protective barriers.

Treatment protocol for yellow mouth disease in whiteleg shrimp

Yellow mouth disease (often accompanied by yellow gills) is an indication that the pond environment is at low salinity (5ppt) or experiencing a fungal bloom. Below is the optimal treatment process.

Analysis of the shrimp hepatopancreas transcriptome under experimental EHP infection conditions

EHP is a specialized intracellular parasite, primarily parasitizing the hepatopancreas of shrimp, causing severe growth retardation. In this study, Penaeus vannamei shrimp were infected with EHP through artificial challenge experiments, and the differentially expressed genes and biological pathways in the hepatopancreas between EHP-infected and healthy shrimp were analyzed using transcriptome sequencing.

Black spots (melanin) in shrimp liver – good or bad?

In shrimp farming (especially whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei), black spots or black streaks in the hepatopancreas often cause farmers concern. However, this is not merely a pathological symptom but primarily a natural immune response of shrimp to combat harmful agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or inflammation.